Beer Wars Movie Analysis Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Beer Wars Movie Analysis Paper - Assignment Example This text seeks to compare and contrast the strategy and experiences of the two entrepreneurs in the movie. The two entrepreneurs have different experiences with respect to how they do business in the beer industry. Rhonda is faced with a number of challenges as a small-scale beer brewer. Case in point is that companies that have a higher market portfolio hamper their chances of doing business as appropriate. Unlike Calagione, Rhonda does not enjoy the monopoly that big companies enjoy in the beer industry (Baron np). Consequently, there are a number of cartels that define how the market is run to the extent that small businesses face challenges of performance. The bigger companies in the beer industry frustrate Rhonda’s company by introducing products that may be similar effectively overshadowing the small size entities. Calagione, on the other hand, is one of the entrepreneurs that enjoy an immense dominance in the market to the extent that there are a few challenges that affect their businesses. The law is inherently biased in the sense that it does not protect the small sized companies, but works in favor of the bigger ones. Compared to Calagione, Rhonda is faced with a number of legal challenges to the extent that if an issue of law arises, the small company is disenfranchised significantly in terms of doing business. Such tendencies do not provide a fair playing ground for the competitors in the market. Beer wars are fought on a number of fronts, and there are various sophisticated institutions that are employed to frustrate the wellbeing of smaller entities (Baron np). There is a difference in the strategies that the two entrepreneurs employ in the production of beer. While Calagione employs the use traditional means of beer production, Rhonda employs modern and innovative means of making beer. The fact that Rhonda employs a new style of beer production is the point of conflict in the industry

Continuities and changes of religion in Sub-saharan Africa Essay Example for Free

Continuities and changes of religion in Sub-saharan Africa Essay Sub-saharan Africa has undergone changes with religion such as the changing of religious affiliation to Christianity and the practices of cosmology and ontology, however, Sub-saharan Africa has also remained constant with their thoughts being focused on various beliefs like a creator and evil. Christianity was predominantly the main religion in Sub-saharan Africa opposed to the Muslims of North Africa. Christianity in the Americas slowly began to send out missionaries to spread the Gospel and build churches in Africa. The people began to form their daily lives and rituals accordingly and the population of Christians rose from about 9% to around 63% over the years from the 1900s to modern day. Missions in Africa is most definitely something that Christians in other part of the world have focused on. It seems to be a more targeted area for its other religious practices such as cosmology and ontology. Cosmology and Ontology are more philosophical beliefs in nature, evolution, and the way the world works. In Africa, many small tribes are closed off from communication outside of their tribe, and have practiced certain beliefs for hundreds of years. This belief system tends to lean towards the more relaxed religion and allows freedom for the people in those tribes to do what they want as long as it is parallel to what is right in nature. Everything in this philosophical study is that of nature. Nature is considered holy and worthy of worship. Cosmology and Ontology are how Sub-Saharan Africans attempted to explain our complex world in the simplest way possible that makes sense to them. There were also other beliefs that Sub-saharan Africans developed over time such as the belief in evil beings and eternal paradise. Sub-saharan Africans soon realized that there needed to be some kind of an explanation for what happens when you die, or what evil is. These details did not necessarily help form a new religion, but rather simply added on top of the religions already in place in the Sub-saharan region. In the Niger-congo area, there was a common belief in spirits, a creator of the universe rather than evolution. In other areas, there was the belief in the worship and idolization of ones personal gods whom they gave thanks to and credited much of their life to. These tribes lived their lives to please their gods in order to win favor and win a long and prosperous life. This is also something that was seen in Ancient Greece where Greek Mythology and the worship of gods took place. These people too, lived to please the gods to live a good life. In conclusion, Sub-saharan African has undergone changes in religion such as Christianity and Cosmology, but there was also factors that remained constant throughout the existence of Sub-saharan Africa such as little tribes who believe in pleasing personal gods.

Managing The Human Capital Commerce Essay

Managing The Human Capital Commerce Essay Human Resource Management (HRM) is one of the most important strategies in organisations. HRM practices and policies is taking shape and affecting the employees experiences in organization. It also provides relationship between employees and employer. According to, Turner, Keegan Hueman , if the company wants to be effective and successful, HRM functions has to be integrated into the various organisational strategy. (Turner, Keegan Hueman 2006,317).  According to this model, HRM functions its goals and aims, need to be aligned with the strategy of the organization.   Today, human resource policy on organisation performance research has changed from micro to more general, strategic macro level. It was used to set of policies designed to maximize organizational integration, employee commitment, flexibility and quality of work.   This essay will aims to how strategic goals of HRM helps to organizations and how improve the company performance. Human resource management is relevant with planning, recruitment, training, motivation etc in an organization. The first aim of HRM is developing people through work and also managing employees or human resources. HRM check the employees side of company. In addition this it control benefits of people, career development, training and more functions. It is known that HRM do interview and explain company benefits by people at recent times bur roles of HRM is much bigger than only interview and company benefits. They bring many benefits to the company. Example1; There is a company in Shanghai called Portman. It was not such a good hotel just a few years ago. It was realized that costumer and employees satisfaction rate % 70-80 The Ritz-Carlton Company has been took over the hotel recently and new general manager Mark Decocinst set out to make new property for the hotel. That strategy has improved dramatically to costumer rate. The hotel is being called Best Employer in Asia at the moment and %98 employees satisfaction. C:Documents and SettingssamsungDesktopMHR assigmentaa.jpg Figure1 http://www.auhy69.dsl.pipex.com/images/b202/human%20resource%20cycle.jpg HRM explain that they have got five function all employees and managers perform; Planning, leading, staffing, organizing and controlling. HRM is very important for all the managers. For example, if you want to hire right person as a manager for the job or do not want to waste your time unless with a interview, HRM strategy will important for the manager. STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Strategic human resource means basically, executing and formulating HR policies. It makes strategic human resource plan like which knowledge or skills the employees should have, how to recruit, training, text etc. SHRM want to keep employees who can help to company or who have useful skills for the company. HRs purpose is to guide Human Resource Management and practise programs. Strategies provide vision for next term and how to vision should be realized in the organization. There are many types HR strategies however two of them are being identified. First one is overarching strategies and the second one is specific strategies. Example2; The Ritz Carlton and Signcasts human resource managers are involved in partnering with their top manager in both design and executing their companies strategies. (Desseler 2008) Example3; Facing rising pressures from classic grocers and from online firm, Albertons with 23,000 employees and 2,500 food stares had to improve their performance. The companys basic strategy maximizing get back product on invested capital and focus to costumer provide to growth. In addition this company also aim to employing technology and energizing associates Albersons management relied on their HR manager to help the company active its strategic goals. It was helped to company with training, pay and other HR politics. (Desseler, 2008) Job Analysis Job analysis makes that which kind of employee should keep or hire for the job. It organises that human behaviours, performance standards, work activities, human recruitment or job context. For example; work activates information is being collected such as buying, selling, transporting etc. C:Documents and SettingssamsungDesktopMHR assigmentjon analysis.jpg Figure 2 http://www.ppbafrica.com/images/ppbstrategy.jpg Example 4 ; Mercedes Benz was assembled organization in Arkansas and managers confused. They could not give a job, training or pay the company employees unless they knew that what staff expectation was. They needed a job description for each employee however in this organization their duties and jobs could change every day. Unfortunately, they could manage to do job analysis but they could not implement. There are many advantages of job analysis on the company. First off all, it provides that what skills are required to this activity. Secondly, Job description helps requisite skills and training. (Desseler, 2008) Recruitment and Selection Process Recruitment basically selects an employee for the company. When the department of the company select a person, they try to choose a high quality person with low coast. First off all, they decided to what position needs an employee secondly, recruitment build a pool for the people who apply the job and then candidates fill application forms. After those steps the department implement physical exams and test for the candidates and finally they decided that who is going to offer for the job position to supervisor or manager. C:Documents and SettingssamsungDesktopMHR assigmentrec f.jpg Figure 3 http://www.magautarecruitment.co.za/images/recruitment%20process.jpg Example 5; The Cheesecake Factory has opened 110 restaurant and it adds 20 chain each year. The company interviews 24,000 people per year. It is too much recruits for the company. Manager of the company says that one interview is not enough to choose right person and it makes huge amount money and big time too. Because of that reasons it was established a recruitment department in the company. (Desseler, 2008) The recruitment process starts with employment planning. It is decide to which position in the firm is going to be filled and how it is going to do. That has to follow the organizations plans. Example6; JPS Unihase decided to expand. It was known that number of employees have to increase from 140 to 750. They had to do a plan about who are going hire as employees and when the plan will be put in to plans. (Desseler, 2008) Example7; British Airways included self-assessment, application forms, testing, group selection centres, and interview. 2.3 Training Training improves employees knowledge, skill and attitude. Employees who have more knowledge give the company get higher performance from the staff. As a first step the company identify that which type of training need to give its worker. Second step should decided to training program like; activities, workshop or exercise. The next step can be validation the steps. There are many training types are being using. The company should decided which they need and should choose the best one. The training can be given to new employees and exist staff too. If the training is giving new staff it aims to teach the job to new people. If the training giving exist employees it teach new technology or new events for the company. Example7; Samsung Company provides its employees many courses to learn and develop staff ability knowledge and skills. The company gives the staff opportunities to go oversee to learn more. For example centre of design go to outside of the county or can get to work famous people. In addition this manager of Samsung led launched a design revolution; IBM designer was invited from the USA to design company designers by the manager. 370 designers in the design centre and the company gives them a change to go the best schools which gives design education in the USA. With the developing technology many companies use online training nowadays. For example, Saba.com offers web-training course for its staff. Example8; Honda decided to build a new company in Alabama and it had to provide thousand employees. 18,000 people applied the job. The employment agency screened and eliminated. About 340 have stated to get training and finally some of them graduated from the training. Honda teams interview the candidates, looked at the training scores and decided to who can get the job. And then they were performed drug test and finally they were get 3 days orientation. It was quite long procedure but Honda want to get the best ones for the job. (Desseler, 2008) 2.4 Motivation: Probably almost everybody need some intelligence, knowledge base, study skills, and time management skills, but if someone does not have motivation, he or she wont get far. For example; you have a car with a full tank of gas, a well-tuned engine, good set of tires, quadraphonic CD system, and a sleek, polished exterior. There it sits. This car has incredible potential. However, until a driver sits behind the wheel, puts the key in the ignition, and cranks it up, the car doesnt function. You guessed it; the key is motivation. Interest is an important motivator for a student. So is a desire to learn. When you link these two things together, you create success. Often success in an endeavour leads to more interest and a greater desire to learn, creating an upward spiral of motivation toward a goal you have established.(www.d.umn.edu) 2.5Knowledge Management Knowledge management is any process or practise or creating, acquiring, capturing, sharing and using knowledge, wherever it resides, to enhance learing and performance in organization (Armstrong,2006) INNOVATION AND HUMAN RESOURCE Innovation in human resource brings many benefits to company. Example9; Dell computer company created a HR call centres. It is being answered all the questions which comes from employees. Dell computer also prove to their employees self service personal transaction like, chancing benefits all location. Many companies try to use innovation their business such as computer or internet to get high performance and improving HR. Technology innovation also makes many think easier for example, it is so easy to reach all employees information or all staff salary, when they are going to holiday, all about employees.    Example10; IBM employed 350,000 people and they spreads around the world in many locations. They need to give induction for all new employees. The company ensure the people understand key of the system and processes. It was needed a way which provide reducing cost of faced induction. An online technology was created for the induction. it was invested $100 million. It is IBMs online innovation. http://member.edentree.co.uk/tree/resources/recruitment-and-induction/examples-of-recruitment-and-induction-in-practice/theory/good-practice-examples/welcome-stranger-online-induction-at-ibm.gp ORGANIZATIONAL CULTERE Culture is the important in an organization according to Andrzej H. David B. When you walk into hotel, a bank, a night club, or a company your first impressions tells you about the organization that you have just entered how friendly will it be? How expansive it will be? What kind of behaviour its expected This theory tells that very basic thing is the culture of the organization. An organization can be know with the culture if a company have good reputation then everybody know that company. Organizational culture is a set of shard assumptions, values and behaviours that characterize the functioning of and organization. Organizational Culture depend strongly rules, super visions and control on the employee. If a organization have good rules and have good control on employees then the organization will be best with reputation. Example11; The culture of a large, for-profit corporation is quite different than that of a hospital which is quite different than that of a university. It can be told that the culture of an organization by looking at the arrangement of furniture, what they brag about, what members wear, etc. similar to what you can use to get a feeling about someones personality. According to Wendell L. F.(1998 page 111) A work group is a number of persons, usually reporting to a common superior and having some face to face interaction, who have some degree of interdependence in carrying out tasks for the purpose of the achieving organizational goals. Organizations which have good teams and have good group of employers then the organizations outcome will the highest. A team or a group of employees can work more efficiently than the individuals. Organization can have big projects and a group can distribute the work and perform their duty with full attention and with full devotion and if there is some laziness in some employees that can be overcome in others works so groups work is best in organization. At this era of life, world is a global village the business in not so much small and there a numerous organizations which have different departments. If all the departments work together and coordinate with each other then the result will the most excellent. An organizational culture with strong unit integration makes the organization finest Example11;McDonalds were expanding restaurants in India, when closing selected stores in the UK. The plan to change packaging, and uniform it will affect the culture of the organisation. McDonalds were diversifying, Mc Kids, and toys too. It is the HRM policies that will ensure a smooth changing. The major concern is the cultural change; HRM must ensure that staffs are involved in the changes allowing them to buy into the plans. The extension plans should run efficiently as all the policies and legislation should already be in place. The investment in Mc Kids could prove difficult for HRM, because they are dealing with a separate market. The current policies in place cover a wide range of issues, which are sufficient for Mc Donalds strategic plans. FLEXIBILITY ANA HRM Flexibility

The Genetic Basis of Adaptive Melanism on Pocket Mice Essay examples --

Introduction What's the problem? Examples of animals adapting to the environment have been known as far back as the case of the black peppered moths of England in the mid-1800s. In that case, entire populations of the black peppered moths were observed to change color in response to changes in their environment. More recently, bacteria have been known to develop resistance to antibiotic drugs, insects have developed various forms of resistance to insecticide, and plants have adapted to accommodate higher levels of heavy metals in the soil and water. The problem is that it is difficult to locate the genes that stimulate adaptation for three reasons: 1. Traits must be identified based on how they affect fitness and their ecological relevance. In other words, we need to find a trait that clearly makes a difference in whether or not the animal survives. 2. It is challenging to analyze phenotypes when there is little information known about genes. With the moths, nobody knows which of the moth's genes are responsible for the changes in color, so a genetic analysis is extremely difficult to do. 3. Most fitness-related traits are a mixture of many genes. This makes it hard to pin down the adaptations as a result of the actions of one gene. So where do the mice come in? Dr. Nachman's research explores the connection between genotype and coat color in four populations of rock pocket mice. Rock pocket mice live in rocky habitats in the southwest U.S. and northern Mexico. In the 1930s, classical studies revealed that there was a close correlation between the color of a mouse's coat, and the color of the rocks the mouse lived on. Light-colored mice... ...is mice, the alleles did not appear to be responsible for any changes in coat color. The similarity between coat color of the dark mice at Pinacate and the dark mice at Armendaris is probably due to convergent evolution. The Armendaris mice probably evolved the same adaptation (dark coat color) through a separate genetic mechanism. An interesting research project might be to determine the genetic basis of adaptation in the Armendaris population, and make comparisons. Any such results would be enormously useful in showing how evolution affects individual genes. References Nachman, Michael W. Hope E. Hoekstra, Susan L. D'Agostino. "The genetic basis of adaptive melanism in pocket mice." www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0431157100. Feb. 26, 2003. Purves,William K., et al. Life: The Science of Biology Sixth Edition. Massachusetts: Sinauer Assoicates, Inc. 2001.

Contribution of Clausewitz to the Development of Military Strategy Essay

Carl von Clausewitz or known as General Carl Phillip Gottfried von Clausewitz was born in Magdenburg in July 1, 1780 and died of cholera at the age of 51 in Breslau, Germany in November 16, 1831. He left a legacy that until this day his writings are still compulsory for reading in military academies both in the US and Europe. He famous book â€Å"Von Kriege† or translated in English as â€Å"On War† discusses many of his optimisms in considering war as an extension of political thoughts rather than pure readings for military strategies. Analysts say Clausewitz’s theories of war were considerations during war and not provocations on how to stage war against the enemies. In fact, he is not the total war strategist of the â€Å"absolute war† as other people branded him but even though his thoughts does not provoke the art of making war our armed forces until today consider them as great contributions to the development of military strategies because of his concepts in advising technical discussion in the event of war. Although Clausewitz wrote about different battle conditions, he goes further in relating battles to psychological and political considerations. He became popular in connecting his principles of war to be regarded as motivation for military strategies because his theories inspire military leaders to act on certain situations according to the demand of the situation. Therefore his theories must never be applied as models of committing war but to serve as aids to judgment during wars. However, through the passing of time most of his tactical views were altered or replaced by other political and strategic thoughts but what he left about military systems and political strategies are regarded as pure standard for military strategic commitments (Teijebakker, 2008). Clausewitz served as a Prussian soldier, military historian and military theorist whose influence was most famous for military treatise. Although participated in military campaigns, his sole purpose was to be a military theorist and do examinations of war.   During his time, other soldiers also examined the war during the Napoleonic era but not any of them has undertook the greatest philosophical examination of war other than Clausewitz and Tolstoy did. Another great writer, Jomini also took the same observation as Clausewitz but while Jomini based his theories on the system of war, Clausewitz writes on the philosophical view of it. If we are going to asses Clausewitz’s philosophical view that militaries based the development of their strategies, we can see that Clausewitz has been able to introduced systematic philosophical inspection into Western and European military thinking. His strategic principles have powerful implications that are used for historical and analytical writing but also for logical policy, military education and planning on operations. Clausewitz believes that war is just a natural event that is part of social organisms such as man and always part of practical experience. He underlined that warfare is just as changeable as our societies that is why there is the need for the distinction in manipulating strategies and tactics. He also asserted that there are no fixed principles that are adapted for tactical calculations and no laws for strategies either because wars are not all the same. This kind of philosophy motivates military leaders to assume that because of the changeable attitude and conditions of war, Clausewitz provokes on the idea that defense is a stronger form of strategic principle than offense. This is because as Clausewitz warned, once offensive advantage has an imbalance of momentum such as a weakened or divided forces, the offensive stance can transform into a defensive orientation. So the general principle, as he stresses, is that defense is a prerequisite for good offense (Abegglen, 2003). Moreover, Clausewitz great emphasis on military strategies is that he wants to emphasize that wars are the continuation of government policies or in other words an extension of politics. There is warfare because war is motivated by political objectives and the only means to achieve these political objectives is the commitment of war. Therefore he argues that what determines the character and activities of military operations are what the military leaders do in following the authority given to them by the state driven by political aims. In this manner, since the military are under the ruling governing body of the state, the states which compose of the public sector can also exercise their authority over military activities. But what was the most important message Clausewitz wants to convey is that although war is not extraordinary, the waging of war must be dependent on the political situation of those who wages it and with their allies and enemies. The strength of the military is not an assurance for victory but a defensive war seems to be the contributory factor in achieving victory. The machines that man made for human destruction and the skill those soldiers learned were all part of human endeavor to achieve victory. But these machines are useless unless use in the battlefield and maneuvered with precise realistic approach to warfare which include the art of defense and offense and military skills (Jolley, 2003). As a Prussian staff officer with political and military responsibility and with combat experience against armies of Revolutionary France, Clausewitz is prominently a military educator. Having to rise to the rank of a Major-General at the age of 38, his book On War which was written in Germanic language became the most important work that is written that deals on the theory of warfare and strategy. The book tells of theories on the area of interest of military strategists, historians, political thinkers and political scientists. Clausewitz has met so many oppositions with his theories contain in his books but his influence is so great that even the Marxists-Leninists, the great navalists Sir Julian Stafford Corbett and the American nuclear strategists apply his principles to their own theoretical application. Although they have different culture, background and military orientation they all share the same belief that Clausewitz’s writings are of fundamental importance not because only of their content but because of the influential his great mind has perceived. The book On War itself is always very hard to read and comprehend because it was still in its unfinished state and so the subjects seem too hard to follow. So many nations and great minds have failed to master it because of its unfamiliar style. But because Clausewitz’s statements define great political thinking, precise military planning with principles of strategic calculations that are used by organizations in developing different strategies, Clausewitz’s ideas evoke superiority in leadership and management in war and of societies. His continuation of defining policy with politics by other means happens to be misunderstood because probably his perception provokes alarm and opposition. According to him he objects on the role of policy makers because these so-called policy makers always tend to create war just to achieve their goals when they cannot achieve it through peaceful means. On the other hand, experienced politicians and soldiers are against it because they know that war becomes really dangerous, chaotic and unpredictable when it is created for political goals. Another great significance of Clausewitz’s theory to the advantage on the development of military strategy is that his ideas integrates a vast range of military concerns which include political, strategic, operational, analytical, tactical, pedagogical and historical concern that are in relation with the fundamental socio-political framework of the military. The good things about his theories is that they also successfully interrelates to a wide range of consideration and can adapt to any political and historical changes that is why until today, Clausewitz’s concept of strategies on war and politics are still being utilized as fundamental in military statesmanship (Bassford, 1996). But what are the main teachings of Clausewitz that they are still utilized in the management of military strategies today?   In teaching Clausewitz’s concept of strategies, military officials try to imbue to their soldiers how to analyze Clausewitz’s theory of war so that they can check on its applicability on the military power on any given time. The soldiers must be able to assess the learning concepts with thorough examination such as learning the nature of warfare as compared during the French revolution against today’s practical application of military concept. As Clausewitz advised, mission analysis is essential to provide the learners or soldiers the sophisticated understanding of war, the nature of war, the purpose of war and the conduct of war. Assessing these activities help the soldiers develop in internalizing their way of thinking so that they may be critical in all areas of war and discover the characteristic of the opponent. Understanding the adversary makes the soldiers be critical on what analytical approach they can do to gain advantage during war. Then the essential points of engagement and following policies must be conveyed to the soldiers. These essential points include how to interact with war and its policy, understanding absolute war vs. the real war, perception on the moral and physical dimensions of war, strategic effects for the future leaders of war, understanding the sources of power and the dialectics of offense and defense. By assessing the principles of Clausewitz, we can now measure success according to the management of war (Bassford, 1985). As a conclusion, as Clausewitz always say that as wars are conceived, the generals of war must have clear idea on what are the goal of this wars. The militaries are learning from Clausewitz’s admonition that no one starts a war or rather nobody in his right mind ought to start a war without prioritizing what the objectives are. The objectives of war can be of political purpose which the military must be aware while the conduct of war is the operational part wherein the military must operate accordingly. This governing principle of Clausewitz will set every war on its course and thus contributory to the development of military strategy. References: ABEGGLEN, C. M. V. (2003) The Influence of Clausewitz on Jomini’s Prà ©cis de l’Art de la Guerre Erlenstrasse 3   4414 Fà ¼llinsdorf, King’s College London. Available from URL: http://www.homepage.bluewin.ch/abegglen/papers/clausewitz_influence_on_jomini.pdf BASSFORD, C. (1985) An Instructor’s Guide To Teaching Clausewitz. Available from URL: http://www.clausewitz.com/CWZHOME/KassNWC/KassNotes3.html BASSFORD, C. (1996) Review Essay: Carl von Clausewitz, On War (Berlin, 1832). Available from URL: http://www.clausewitz.com/CWZHOME/CREV/CWZREV.htm

Free Essays on Hist Of Guitar

History of the Guitar The guitar’s history can be traced back in time through monuments, pictures, poems and sculptors. The name of the guitar can be derived from a modification of the Greek word cithara. It is a musical instrument strung with gut or nylon strings played by the fingers having a body with flat back and slight curves. Its history can be traced back over 4000 years. The oldest evidence of the existence of the guitar dates back to 1900-1800 B.C. It was found in Babylonia on clay plaques, which portray nude figures playing instruments that bear a general resemblance to the guitar. There are many cultures that take claim to inventing the guitar, but many accounts report the Egyptians had a fine example of the guitar with ribs and incurvations and a long neck identified on a monument in Cappadocia, Syria in 1000 B.C. There still seems to be great disagreement in those who claim the guitar originated in Europe or those who state it came from the Arabs. The guitar originally had two courses of strings, two double, the top course single, that ran from a violin-like peg box to a tension bridge glued to the soundboard, or belly; the bridge thus sustained the direct pull of the strings. In the belly was a circular sound hole, often ornamented with a carved wooden rose. In past decades the guitars were made from a solid piece of oak because of the availability of the wood. With many guitar makers experimenting in the renaissance they found that cedar was an easier during the construction and also better for sound quality. Previous the guitars had no soundboard because they were constructed out of a solid piece of wood. Constructors found that with the sound of the hollow guitar did not have the sound quality they wanted. They experimented with pieces of wood inside, and found that making the inside out of pine would increase the overall sound quality of the instrument. The first of the guitars was represented in Wester... Free Essays on Hist Of Guitar Free Essays on Hist Of Guitar History of the Guitar The guitar’s history can be traced back in time through monuments, pictures, poems and sculptors. The name of the guitar can be derived from a modification of the Greek word cithara. It is a musical instrument strung with gut or nylon strings played by the fingers having a body with flat back and slight curves. Its history can be traced back over 4000 years. The oldest evidence of the existence of the guitar dates back to 1900-1800 B.C. It was found in Babylonia on clay plaques, which portray nude figures playing instruments that bear a general resemblance to the guitar. There are many cultures that take claim to inventing the guitar, but many accounts report the Egyptians had a fine example of the guitar with ribs and incurvations and a long neck identified on a monument in Cappadocia, Syria in 1000 B.C. There still seems to be great disagreement in those who claim the guitar originated in Europe or those who state it came from the Arabs. The guitar originally had two courses of strings, two double, the top course single, that ran from a violin-like peg box to a tension bridge glued to the soundboard, or belly; the bridge thus sustained the direct pull of the strings. In the belly was a circular sound hole, often ornamented with a carved wooden rose. In past decades the guitars were made from a solid piece of oak because of the availability of the wood. With many guitar makers experimenting in the renaissance they found that cedar was an easier during the construction and also better for sound quality. Previous the guitars had no soundboard because they were constructed out of a solid piece of wood. Constructors found that with the sound of the hollow guitar did not have the sound quality they wanted. They experimented with pieces of wood inside, and found that making the inside out of pine would increase the overall sound quality of the instrument. The first of the guitars was represented in Wester...

Free Essays on Black Feminism

African & African-American Feminism, The Black Woman’s Search for her Identity and Role in Society Although women have been involved to some degree in all kinds of organizations in Africa and America from church groups to liberation movements, in many ways it was the trade union movements that became the spawning ground for women organizers and in which women first rose to positions of importance in Africa. Black women in America moved forward in the attempts of showing the importance, necessity and urgency of a movement and addressing the ways racism, sexism and classism all work together to perpetuate each other. They addressed the needs that were ignored by white women and black men in the women’s and liberation movement. The struggle to correlate these two areas of black women’s lives encompuses the goals and mission of each movement and therefore allows black women to be whole in their personal and political lives. The movement spawned several important organizations in the early 1970’s that are committed to struggle against all forms of oppression. The organizing of women in Africa began in the 1920s, principally in the laundry, clothing, mattress, furniture and baking industries. While several black national federations were formed and dissolved, the one that endured was the Non-European Trade Union Federation, formed in 1928. Their position was that racial divisions should not split a union. They sought free compulsory education for all races and an end to employment discrimination by incorporating education and training for all races. Women were being both organized and trained to lead. However, black women who participated in the liberation movement and the women’s movement in America were often discriminated against in several different ways. They were discriminated against economically, sexually, and racially. The liberation movement offered sexual discrimination towards the women through issues th... Free Essays on Black Feminism Free Essays on Black Feminism African & African-American Feminism, The Black Woman’s Search for her Identity and Role in Society Although women have been involved to some degree in all kinds of organizations in Africa and America from church groups to liberation movements, in many ways it was the trade union movements that became the spawning ground for women organizers and in which women first rose to positions of importance in Africa. Black women in America moved forward in the attempts of showing the importance, necessity and urgency of a movement and addressing the ways racism, sexism and classism all work together to perpetuate each other. They addressed the needs that were ignored by white women and black men in the women’s and liberation movement. The struggle to correlate these two areas of black women’s lives encompuses the goals and mission of each movement and therefore allows black women to be whole in their personal and political lives. The movement spawned several important organizations in the early 1970’s that are committed to struggle against all forms of oppression. The organizing of women in Africa began in the 1920s, principally in the laundry, clothing, mattress, furniture and baking industries. While several black national federations were formed and dissolved, the one that endured was the Non-European Trade Union Federation, formed in 1928. Their position was that racial divisions should not split a union. They sought free compulsory education for all races and an end to employment discrimination by incorporating education and training for all races. Women were being both organized and trained to lead. However, black women who participated in the liberation movement and the women’s movement in America were often discriminated against in several different ways. They were discriminated against economically, sexually, and racially. The liberation movement offered sexual discrimination towards the women through issues th...

8 Most Important Updates for You to Know on LinkedIn †March 2016

8 Most Important Updates for You to Know on LinkedIn – March 2016 It’s hard to believe 6 months have passed since my last  What’s New on LinkedIn update in October 2015. There are a bunch of updates I want you to know about. They may have passed across your inbox, and you might have taken note, or you might not have paid attention. This summary should be all you need to make sure you’re on top of the current features on LinkedIn! Managing your settings – coming soon The â€Å"Privacy Settings† menu is soon going to be easier to navigate. All settings will be categorized into three groups: Account, Privacy and Communications. It will look something like this: Connection suggestions – coming soon LinkedIn will be suggesting more connections to you based on who has you in the contacts they’ve uploaded to LinkedIn. You will also have more control over who sees you as a suggested connection. Here’s what one of those suggestions will look like: Reminder: You can send customized messages via mobile! I mentioned this in my October update and it’s worth addressing again. Be careful when you send invitations via your mobile device. Do NOT click on â€Å"Connect† – you need to find the â€Å"Menu† or â€Å"More† button on an Android or the â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬  on an iPhone. Here’s what that looks like on an iPhone: Next you’ll get a â€Å"Customize invite† option: Click on â€Å"Customize invite† and write your message. Your connections will appreciate you for treating them like human beings not robots. More mobile application changes LinkedIn rolled out a new and improved mobile app in December. You should now be having a better experience with its new 5 core areas, Your Feed (Home), Me, My Network, Messaging, and Search. For more info see Our New LinkedIn App is Here! Making it Easier than Ever to Stay In Touch with the People and Information you Need to be Successful. Insights on LinkedIn job postings LinkedIn has made it easier to find background information about jobs that interest you. Enjoy discovering †¦ What connections you have at a company: Who will work with you if you get the job: Hiring trends at the company (for premium subscribers): This data puts you as a job seeker in a powerful position to understand your viability as a potential employee and to connect with the right people at the organization. Snagajob LinkedIn is providing more resources for hourly jobseekers through Snagajob. One significant implication of this partnership is that having a LinkedIn profile will become important for a wider audience. Snagajob subscribers will also get a 1-month free subscription to Lynda.com where they can take courses to acquire important skills for their profession. Inbox Messaging Honestly, LinkedIn’s Updated Messaging Features have been driving me and many people I know up a wall. Old messages are vanishing like hotcakes. I’m hoping LinkedIn will fix this soon! Introductions In October I highlighted problems with the Request an introduction feature on LinkedIn. I’m happy to report that it is now working properly! If you want to be introduced to a second degree connection, go to your mutual connection’s profile page and look on the right hand side for the â€Å"How You’re Connected† section. Click on â€Å"Get introduced† to be taken to a pre-populated messaging template that can be customized as needed. Enjoy expanding your network with this now functional feature! OK savvy LinkedIn users, have fun with all these changes. As soon as you get used to this bunch, there will be more. And if you have questions about any of these changes or others you are noticing, let me know and I’ll do my best to address them in future blogs and e-book editions!

Disney's The Little Mermaid and Life is Beautiful Essay

Disney's The Little Mermaid and Life is Beautiful - Essay Example The prince loves her and rejects the neighborhood princess whom his father wants him to marry. He claims he wants to marry the girl he saw at the temple that saved his live, thinking it was Ariel. However it turns out that it was the neighborhood princess and so Ariel is not married by the prince. Life is Beautiful is about a Guido, a Jewish man who on coming to Italy meets Dora a beautiful Italian woman from a wealthy non-Jewish Italian family, falls in love with her at first sight. Although engaged, Dora dumps her fiancee for Guido. They get married and have a son named Giosue. The World War II breaks and all Jews are taken concentration camps. Guido cheats Giosue that the events unfolding were a game so that he does not panic. He tells him there is tank to be given to the winners and so he should cooperate by keeping quiet, not asking for his mother, not complaining of hunger and not trying to come out of where his father had hidden him so that they could earn more points and win the tank. Guido sneaks him food in the hideout. Despite these efforts, Guido is shot dead by a Nazi soldier after placing Giosue in a sweatbox as the last test and was on his way to get Dora so that he could reunite his family. Similarities and differences The two movies revolve around the theme of love. The first love that is evident in both the movies is father’s love towards their child. Ariel’s father had a good reason to deny Ariel a chance to swim to the surface of the sea. He knew the barbaric fish eaters would find her and kill her. He also knew that there were other sea characters that are out to destroy her life like Ursula. In Life is Beautiful, a father’s love is clearly seen where Guido does not want his son, Giosue to panic because of the WWII events. He hides him, sneaks him food, cheers and promises him a heavy prize for cooperating. In both the movies, father’s love drove the Guido and King Triton to fight to keep their children safe at a ll costs, including restricting their movements. Apart from a father’s love, the other type of love that is so evident is attraction between two people and both cases involve love at first sight. In Life is Beautiful, Guido had just come to Italy to do business and meets Dora, a primary school teacher, whom he falls in love with at first sight and even calls her a princess. Despite being engaged, Dora is deeply drawn to Guido, his fun and charismatic nature and decides to break her engagement with her aristocratic and arrogant fiancee to be with Guido (Bullaro 97). In The Little Mermaid, Ariel sees a prince on the first day she swam to the surface of the sea and rescues him from drowning. Her actions are a direct result of the deep feelings she had developed towards the prince just at first sight. The prince is also drawn to Ariel and this makes him reject his father’s orders to marry the neighborhood princess. Evidently, the message of love, sacrifice and dangers of s uccumbing to inconsiderate treatment or risks in the name of love is evident in the two movies. The two women are ready to risk anything to be with the men of their choice. Dora for example, breaks her engagement and is ready to have an estranged relationship with her mother. The magnitude of her love for Guido can be seen where she pleads to be allowed to

Bowels Disorder Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bowels Disorder - Coursework Example The considerations that are involved in making decisions about priority of patient care include preventing irritation or ulceration from drainage. Secondly, the patient needs to be aware of the self care and ostomy care she should carry out, thirdly the patient needs to be educated on protecting her skin, know when to change the bag, watch her diet, and ensure she takes her medication. The fourth consideration is teaching the patient on the complications that should be reported and considering the lifestyle of a patient. The nurse would evaluate whether the priority decision for the situation was patient centered through checking if she is comfortable to discuss concerns about his sex life and other activities with the nurse. The nurse should be able to pay attention to the patient for both verbal and non-verbal cues after the procedure and compare them to before the procedure. Evaluating the patient’s mind and body is important so that the patient is

What is the difference between Roman law and Anglo law Essay

What is the difference between Roman law and Anglo law - Essay Example This paper involves a comparative analysis of Roman and Anglo Law. It identifies the differences and similarities between these two streams of law and how they work in the historical context. The study goes on to examine the contemporary effects of these two streams of law and how they operate in Britain and Spain. In examining the context of Roman and Anglo Law, there is the need to evaluate and analyse the historical context within which the two legal systems evolved. The history of Roman law cannot be separated from the spiritual age or the role of the Catholic Church in formulating rules and anointing leaders who were believed to have the divine right to rule (Coughlin, 2011). This is different from the Anglo legal code which is centrally built around the Norman Conquest and the changes that came with the political and feudal order through the creation of laws that were a collection of legal systems and processes that existed in different parts of Britain (Atiyah & Sommers, 1987). The scope of the Roman Law is based on the Canon of the Catholic Church which included core rules and fundamental principles that were laid down by the Church for its followers (Glenn, 2010). Roman Law and the Canon Law was shrouded in mysticism and hence, this formed the foundation for the actions and activities of the legal system and the legal processes that existed in these Catholic countries and such nations. Some of the top commentators and proponents of Roman Law rejected the concept of the validity of law, this is because the these thinkers believed that law should not be based on logic, but rather on divine direction (Coughlin, 2011). This is because there is a general trend and process in which they sought to protect the divinity of the papacy and the divinity of anointed kings and nobles who were viewed as persons with divine power and

The Use of the Draft by the United States of America Thesis Proposal - 1

The Use of the Draft by the United States of America - Thesis Proposal Example The nation has paid a price for this in terms of the efficacy of its military actions and the results of the military interventions forced on it as the keeper of world peace. It is well past the time when the policy of an all-volunteer army is revisited, and the draft at 18 is reinstated for the peace in the world and satisfaction of achieving responsibilities felt at home. The demise of the Soviet Union has raised the stakes of the U.S. as the sole military and economic superpower in the eyes of the world, with the added responsibility of providing freedom and justice and maintaining peace in the world. Such a pragmatic vision was held out by the Presidential candidate George W. Bush in 1999, â€Å"For America, this is a time of unrivaled military power, economic promise, and cultural influence† (Campbell & O’Hanlon, 2006, p.28). The new millennium was to witness this drive in terms of national security and responsibility to the world. Citizens of the U.S.A have never fought a war on their land for the mere safety of family, home and country, save during the War of Independence to remove the yoke of colonialism. During the War of Independence, there was no requirement for conscription, as men believed it was their obligation, as bravery and valor flowed in their blood. The all-volunteer army is a reflection of the erosion in such values and the belief that military service is an obligation of the men of the nation (Bailey, 2009). Opposing the draft and support for the all-volunteer army reinforces the consideration that the present generation has gone soft with easy living. Do we want our wives to wake up one morning with the realization that her husband sleeping next to her is a coward, unwilling to fight to protect her children, home, and country? Or do we want our children to grow up to the realization that we were yellow-livered chickens? Let’s shed our looking for the easy way of life and demonstrate a willingness to be responsible for family and home, not merely in materialistic things, but also in true values and principles, built on the blood of our forefathers.

Industrialization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Industrialization - Essay Example Development is a vast phenomenon that involved more than increasing per capita output. Real development can only be harbingered by eliminating poverty, unemployment and inequality. The theory calls for reviewing structural issues like dualism, population growth, inequality, urbanization, agricultural transformation, education, health, unemployment and many other unanswered issues that must be reviewed on their own merits, and not merely as appendages to an underlying growth thesis. Industrialization on the other hand is a process of social and economic change where human societies are transformed from a pre-industrial (an economy where the amount of capital accumulated is low) to an industrial state. (Industrialization). This social and economic change is closely related to the technological innovation, particularly the development of large-scale energy production. Industrialization may also be related to some kind of philosophical change, or may be to a different attitude in the perception of nature, though if these philosophical changes are caused by industrialization or vice-versa is a subject often debated. Industrialisation has generated its own health problems, like noise, air, water pollution, malnutrition, dangerous machines, impersonal work, isolation, poverty, homelessness, and even substance abuse. Health problems in industrial nations are caused by economic, social, political, and cultural factors also. Industrialisation has become a major medical issue around the world, and hopefully will become less of a problem over the period to come. Psychology of Soviet Economists: Soviet economists were primarily of the opinion that those factors of production that are relatively plentiful have a low marginal productivity and hence a low price as compared with factors that are relatively scarce. Consequently those lines of production or those technical forms of production, which use relatively more of the plentiful factors and economize on the scarce ones, would have the lowest costs. This lead to a drop in labor rates, as a country like Russia had more labor. The strength of the above mentioned factor theory is undoubtedly its strong appeal to common sense, it is apparent common sense to adapt your development plans and methods so as to make the most use of those economic factors that are most plentiful, like labour in this particular case, but there can be a humanitarian argument added to it that to do this will create the maximum employment in conditions where there is a large reserve of unemployed. The immediate objection to it that strikes the mind is th at the factor proportion theory, in common with any comparative cost doctrine derived from it, is a static theory, which refers to a particular factor endowment at a given date. It will be inappropriate to derive there from a criterion of development, since we are dealing with dynamic situations, where the factor endowment is subject to change the essence of development for example, is a growing accumulation of capital and hence a change in the capital-labour ratio. ( Dobb Maurice, Was Soviet Method of Industrialization Really Contrary to Economic Principles) The choice between the factors of production depends on the

The political and economic foreign policy developments of the United Research Paper

The political and economic foreign policy developments of the United States in the 19th century from the idea of Manifest Destin - Research Paper Example However, this idea was not shared by everyone including the native Indians and Mexicans who had differing views or opinions. Although there were no clearly defined principles to guide the idea, it received enormous support from the democrats who used it to justify various decisive actions. Through the notion of manifest destiny, the United States was driven by the temptation of world power and political supremacy, which sought to consolidate the position it held.1 The spanish american war was fought in 1898 and lasted only three months, and was triggered by the increased occupation of Cuba by the Spanish government which was strongly opposed by the US government. The war occurred as a result of intervention which was encouraged by other factors such as the Yellow Press which simply refers to the numerous newspaper articles that were printed in red ink and calling for bloodshed. Sensationalism by William Randolph Hearst through the Hearst papers and Joseph Pulitzer played a serious ro le in fuelling the war through propaganda views on either side of the war divide. Stories about atrocities committed by the Spaniards in Cuba enraged the Americans in the USA thus shaping their opinion to support the war. As at 1898, the war was at its peak and was nearly coming to an end; on the 4th of April 1898, the Americans intervened through President McKinley ordering war, mainly to end the devastating effect of the war in Cuba on humanitarian grounds and protect American citizens and interests in the island of Cuba. The intervention was also to protect American and Cuban trade and commerce as well as its strategic rights in that particular hemisphere. Through the Treaty of Paris December 10, 1898 America was able to stamp its foreign policy of expansion and imperialism through the acquisition of Philippines, annexation of Hawaii and the acquisition of Puerto Rico, and this occurred after Spain had surrendered. This expansionist theory resonated well with the American public opinion as it seemed to guarantee freedom to every person in the world and also made Americans proud of their institutions especially the military. In addition, it created avenues for commercial expansion in terms of trade in strategic locations of the world. The acquisition of Panama Canal by the US government was the epitome of imperialism by the government of the United States, and this is because of the economic benefits it offered the American government as well as its strategic importance in terms of geopolitical position. It should be noted that the canal offered the government of USA constant flow of revenue as well as saving the economy in terms of inter-coastal trade and commerce. The canal was however not strategic to the US government military-wise as it could be bombed at any time by adversaries such as Japan and the Soviet Union. The destruction would cause war losses that could only be recovered after a year or so during war time and a massive loss of 17 days in trave l time as occurred during its sabotage during the Battle of Guadalcanal. This forced the US military to maintain a heavy presence of navy at sea just in case the canal was attacked. However, with time, the US government pulled out of the canal due to economic interests, and his was partly due to the invention of railway cars using diesel which made transporting of produce to coastal ports then shipping

The Use of the Draft by the United States of America Thesis Proposal - 1

The Use of the Draft by the United States of America - Thesis Proposal Example The nation has paid a price for this in terms of the efficacy of its military actions and the results of the military interventions forced on it as the keeper of world peace. It is well past the time when the policy of an all-volunteer army is revisited, and the draft at 18 is reinstated for the peace in the world and satisfaction of achieving responsibilities felt at home. The demise of the Soviet Union has raised the stakes of the U.S. as the sole military and economic superpower in the eyes of the world, with the added responsibility of providing freedom and justice and maintaining peace in the world. Such a pragmatic vision was held out by the Presidential candidate George W. Bush in 1999, â€Å"For America, this is a time of unrivaled military power, economic promise, and cultural influence† (Campbell & O’Hanlon, 2006, p.28). The new millennium was to witness this drive in terms of national security and responsibility to the world. Citizens of the U.S.A have never fought a war on their land for the mere safety of family, home and country, save during the War of Independence to remove the yoke of colonialism. During the War of Independence, there was no requirement for conscription, as men believed it was their obligation, as bravery and valor flowed in their blood. The all-volunteer army is a reflection of the erosion in such values and the belief that military service is an obligation of the men of the nation (Bailey, 2009). Opposing the draft and support for the all-volunteer army reinforces the consideration that the present generation has gone soft with easy living. Do we want our wives to wake up one morning with the realization that her husband sleeping next to her is a coward, unwilling to fight to protect her children, home, and country? Or do we want our children to grow up to the realization that we were yellow-livered chickens? Let’s shed our looking for the easy way of life and demonstrate a willingness to be responsible for family and home, not merely in materialistic things, but also in true values and principles, built on the blood of our forefathers.

The political and economic foreign policy developments of the United Research Paper

The political and economic foreign policy developments of the United States in the 19th century from the idea of Manifest Destin - Research Paper Example However, this idea was not shared by everyone including the native Indians and Mexicans who had differing views or opinions. Although there were no clearly defined principles to guide the idea, it received enormous support from the democrats who used it to justify various decisive actions. Through the notion of manifest destiny, the United States was driven by the temptation of world power and political supremacy, which sought to consolidate the position it held.1 The spanish american war was fought in 1898 and lasted only three months, and was triggered by the increased occupation of Cuba by the Spanish government which was strongly opposed by the US government. The war occurred as a result of intervention which was encouraged by other factors such as the Yellow Press which simply refers to the numerous newspaper articles that were printed in red ink and calling for bloodshed. Sensationalism by William Randolph Hearst through the Hearst papers and Joseph Pulitzer played a serious ro le in fuelling the war through propaganda views on either side of the war divide. Stories about atrocities committed by the Spaniards in Cuba enraged the Americans in the USA thus shaping their opinion to support the war. As at 1898, the war was at its peak and was nearly coming to an end; on the 4th of April 1898, the Americans intervened through President McKinley ordering war, mainly to end the devastating effect of the war in Cuba on humanitarian grounds and protect American citizens and interests in the island of Cuba. The intervention was also to protect American and Cuban trade and commerce as well as its strategic rights in that particular hemisphere. Through the Treaty of Paris December 10, 1898 America was able to stamp its foreign policy of expansion and imperialism through the acquisition of Philippines, annexation of Hawaii and the acquisition of Puerto Rico, and this occurred after Spain had surrendered. This expansionist theory resonated well with the American public opinion as it seemed to guarantee freedom to every person in the world and also made Americans proud of their institutions especially the military. In addition, it created avenues for commercial expansion in terms of trade in strategic locations of the world. The acquisition of Panama Canal by the US government was the epitome of imperialism by the government of the United States, and this is because of the economic benefits it offered the American government as well as its strategic importance in terms of geopolitical position. It should be noted that the canal offered the government of USA constant flow of revenue as well as saving the economy in terms of inter-coastal trade and commerce. The canal was however not strategic to the US government military-wise as it could be bombed at any time by adversaries such as Japan and the Soviet Union. The destruction would cause war losses that could only be recovered after a year or so during war time and a massive loss of 17 days in trave l time as occurred during its sabotage during the Battle of Guadalcanal. This forced the US military to maintain a heavy presence of navy at sea just in case the canal was attacked. However, with time, the US government pulled out of the canal due to economic interests, and his was partly due to the invention of railway cars using diesel which made transporting of produce to coastal ports then shipping

Same Sex Marriage Essay Example for Free

Same Sex Marriage Essay Same sex marriage is a socially recognized marriage between two persons of the same biological sex or social gender. Status of LGBT (Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transsexual) in the Philippines is discriminated because they said it is sinful being that one. Many of them are being killed, can’t find job or can’t go to school because they are not accepted by people. In the Philippines, same sex marriage is strictly prohibited because Catholic Church don’t agree with that, based on the bible, there are only two gender, a man and woman. There are also many people who are very conservative so they don’t like people who are Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transsexual because they think that they are immoral and also culture of the Philippines makes that prohibit. I actually support and agree with the same sex marriage though Catholic Church prohibits that. I believe anyone should marry who they want. Age doesn’t matter and gender sure doesn’t either. If two people are in love for the right reasons, then they should be allowed to marry without being harassed. The government doesn’t have any right to tell you who you can and who you can’t marry. I believe everyone should be guaranteed the right to be happy as long as they aren’t harming anyone else or imposing any other rights and I just don’t see how this harms anyone else freedoms. It is not right that people judge those Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transsexual because we have the right to choose what we want in life. Assuming I’m a lesbian, I don’t actually care what people think about me as long as I don’t do any harm for them and I am civil. I won’t mind what they say because I’m living for myself and for my happiness not with them, so why I should mind people that don’t contribute any good things in my life. People who want to marry the same gender should be true to themselves and to others, they should fight for their rights and don’t mind what others tell them.

Women Opting Out Of Work

Women Opting Out Of Work Opting out is a term most commonly understood to describe the decision of married women to voluntarily quit professional careers and remain out of the labor force for a relatively extended period of time during which they are engaged in family care giving, primarily motherhood, to the exclusion of paid employment. Women use a variety of strategies to reconcile work and family responsibilities, including time out of the labor force, opting out, by virtue of the attention given it by the media, has assumed special prominence and a distinct identity. The novelty of opting out is that the women said to be returning home to re-create the traditional family form of male breadwinners are, unlike the stay-at-home mothers of the 1950s, seasoned professionals with considerable career success who are making their decisions in an historical context that affords them a wider range of options than were available to earlier generations of women, even privileged women. Employment, when anticipated a t all after marriage, was regarded as short-term and secondary. In the 1970s, educated women made a break with the past and began, in significant numbers, to combine sustained employment with motherhood. Opting out is the ability to exercise this option which is typically open only to women with a male partner whose earnings can offset the loss of their own. (Stone, 2007a) Some women have resorted to opting out of work because they are not satisfied with their careers. They are not choosing to quit but rather are unable to continue, pushed out by the conditions of their jobs rather than pulled home by their children. Highly educated, elite professional women get tired of the demands of work, do not like the effects on their family lives, and opt out of the fast professional tracks of law, business, and journalism to take care of their children. Some of these women are full-time mothers; others work part-time, typically at less demanding jobs. Not all elite professional women are opting out by any means. How much of womens decision to stay home is a choice, and how much is the result of inflexible and hostile workplaces. Suffice it to say here that the ideology of intensive mothering, combined with the rising demands of workplaces and lack of public support for childrens welfare (e.g., healthcare, daycare, maternity and paternity leave) create severe di fficulties for many mothers, privileged and otherwise. (Belkin, 2003, October 26.) Their children are pure, innocent and helpless and need a selfless nurturer who will shelter them from the corrosive outside world, either by providing care herself or ensuring that alternative (although inevitably second-best) care is provided. The mother/child bond is uniquely tight, and lasting, and essential to a childs healthy psychological development and only a mother (not a father, other family member, or paid caretaker) can provide this care. Mothers are responsible for nurturing, listening, responding, explaining, negotiating, distracting, and searching for appropriate alternative care, practices which are so labor-intensive, so time-consuming, so energy-absorbing because mothers understand themselves as largely responsible for the way their children turn out. Children seem happier, more rested and childlike. They get along better with siblings, and are quite creative in their uses of free t ime. (Hays, 1996, p. 120) Professionals who had quit their jobs and were stay-at-home mothers -opted out, as conventionally understood -which found that the large majority of these women were highly conflicted about their decision, Further challenging the prevailing explanation that their decision was primarily about motherhood. (Stone, 2007a) Because of the high cost of living, life becomes expensive thus making women to look for work to support the demands of their families. Middle-class women cant afford to quit their jobs without scaling back considerably. The families of working class parents are believed to flourish with large amounts of unscheduled time, and adult intervention in their activities is not considered a worthwhile use of anyones time. Poor and working-class parents use fewer words with their children, and although children prove quite capable of expressing opinions, adults do not actively cultivate this ability, nor do they cultivate the questioning of authorities and negotiation. Finally, discipline is a matter of rules and sometimes physical force, not reason. As a result, poor and working-class children find themselves disadvantaged vis a vis their middle-class peers, and privilege is passed down. Mothers who work full-time, for instance, often defend this choice as better for the child in the long-r un. Also importantly, mothers are held responsible by others for their childrens well-being, which means that choosing not to adopt tenets of this ideology requires a defense which is often made in terms of the ideology itself. The accomplishment of natural growth does not, however, mesh as neatly with the procedures and expectations of schools and the workplace as does concerted cultivation, which encourages children to engage in many time management and linguistic practices that institutions expect and reward. (Lareau, 2003) Women do not quit their careers because of a preference to stay home with their children. Some professions might be more or less conducive to womens persistence suggests that there are lessons to be learned from certain fields that might be usefully applied to others, especially the corporate sector. Although virtually all of the women in the sample were happy to have more time to spend with their children, most still identified with their professions and int ended to return to work at some point in the future, although their plans are uncertain. Having a job, especially a fulfilling professional career, is more interesting than housework and child-rearing. Men dont want housewives, Some men fantasize about having a woman running their home and doing not much more, sure. But nowadays, a lot of men prefer to marry more independent women, and would find the idea of supporting a wife intimidating. Women with children are found to have lower full-time, year-round labor force participation rates overall than male graduates or women without children, but those with advanced degrees showed a strong commitment to their careers by returning to work after only brief absences following childbirth (Stone, 2007a) I would agree with Ann Crittenden the Author of The Price of Motherhood: Why the Most Important Job in the World is still the Least Valued. This is because she portrays women as the good mother, the wise mother . . . is more important to the community than even the ablest man; her career is more worthy of honor and is more useful to the community than the career of any man, no matter how successful. A mothers work is not just invisible; it can become a handicap. Raising children may be the most important job in the world, but you cant put it on a rà ©sumà ©. The idea that time spent with ones child is time wasted is embedded in traditional economic thinking. People who are not formally employed may create human capital, but they themselves are said to suffer a deterioration of the stuff, as if they were so many pieces of equipment left out to rust. Inflexible workplaces guarantee that many women will have to cut back on, if not quit, their employment once they have children. The re sult is a loss of income that produces a bigger wage gap between mothers and childless women than the wage gap between young men and women. The very definition of a mother is selfless service to another. We dont owe Mother for her gifts; she owes us. And in return for her bounty, Mother receives no lack of veneration. Crittenden proves homemakers are essential to the economic and political success of our country and its inhabitants. She also emphasizes the contributions of the large number of educated women who have chosen to stay home and raise children.(Crittenden, February 2001) Opting out is a luxury unavailable to most women and only applicable to those with high earnings/savings or wealthy partners; professional women with the option to opt out might take it because they are not given flexible options to stay in their professional jobs and parent; women in all job sectors are more affected by the recession, especially in jobs like finance where a male-dominated environment might lead to high-ranking women being axed because of the perception they arent tough enough; women with the ability to pretend they werent forced out of their jobs might do so by claiming they chose not to work to stay home and parentsuch women are not included in unemployment numbers or given the attendant benefits of unemployment; and the new frontier might be the flexibility stigma. The only way to get rid of the flexibility stigma is to embrace a culture where professional men and women each take off work in equal measure to care for children or attend to household tasks. Then, we might in a world where there is a parent stigma but at least it wont be borne solely by women. (Leonhard, 2010, August.) Conclusion. Because it does not conform to the standard conception of a profession, motherhood might seem to have no place in this issue. A woman requires no special expertise, no knowledge, skill or educational degree to become a mother. Furthermore, the work she does as a mother is unpaid, sometimes even unrecognized as work. These two features of motherood its accessibility to any fertile girl or woman, and the fact that society provides no financial compensation to mothers for their hard workare often lamented, though towards very different political ends. In fact, motherhood might be considered the very opposite of a profession: a status dependent upon biological, cultural and social factors, not educational ones, and involving labor done without pay or recognized steps to advancement. (article)

Drug Legalization :: essays research papers

Just say no? This is not exactly the philosophy that the vast majority of the United States population tends to follow. Drugs have become a routine aspect of everyday life in the United States. Neither a gigantic metropolis nor a minute town have gone without feeling the everlasting effects of drugs. Drug use has always posed a major dilemma for America to overcome. The banning of illegal drugs takes many back to the days of the Prohibition problems involving the banishment of alcohol. Prohibition obviously did not work in the 1920’s, and some modern day people feel that making drugs legal would solve the constantly rising drug problem. In his article Facing up to Drugs: Is Legalization the Solution?, Pete Hamill presents both sides of the argument very thoroughly. Using tremendous techniques in both writing and in major points, the author persuades the reader to give a great deal of consideration to the author’s belief that legalization is the answer to America’ s drug problem. In delivering his points to the reader, Hamill effectively makes good use of internal structure. Initially, the point of view utilized in this article exhibits an interesting way that the reader can personalize himself with the article. The constant use of â€Å"I† in the article lets the reader know that the author has had first hand experience with the drug issue. The first person point of view also reinforces the fact that this article is completely based on the ideas and beliefs of Hamill. In addition, playing a key role in this article, the audience remains convinced via the effective techniques in writing. In general, this article reaches out to everyone in the United States, and possibly the rest of the world. However, this article targets powerful individuals, and those in the government who can make an impact on the drug world. This illustrates the whit of Hamill in that he discreetly makes a statement to high ranking officials. Most importantly, the tone in which the author reveals with dignity gives a sense of truthfulness to the reader. The author overall writes seriously, but with a touch of sarcasm here and there. Adding to the seriousness, the author’s realistic approach to the situation on drugs tells the reader that the author means every last bit of what he is saying. Although numerous internal writing techniques remain evident, some of the major points that Hamill illustrates in his article prove very effective.

How should states who are all facing the same security dilemma interact

Within a society, the populace are compelled to follow rules due to being prompted by a higher authority. When these laws fail, rectifying this deficiency becomes a priority of the state; murderers are arrested, riots are suppressed, new regulations and safe checks are imposed to deter future renegades from harassing the system. These actions by the state’s sovereign power ensure that the community remains harmonious and balanced. Within the international community an individual state is unable to defer to a higher authority to demand that justice be enforced, since there is no authority higher than the state itself. The consequence of this is that independent nations are forced to rely on themselves for security within international society. These facts lead to a question that has been at the core of just war theory debates; how should states who are all facing the same security dilemma interact with one another? The various theoretical answers to this question form to t wo fundamentally opposed conclusions; nations will either seek to expand their individual power to facilitate their own security, or will construct an international union to ensure mutual defense. While the latter promotes an international community based upon cooperation, the former predicts perpetual conflict. In order to perform an analysis of these conflicting predictions we will turn to Thucydides, who provides a historical example of this debate within his recount of the Melian Dialogue. Within this dialogue, the powerful Athenians assert that strength alone justifies their demand for the submission of the weaker island of Melos. The Melians counter with their own plea to justice, claiming that the advancement of Athenian power and Melian autonomy a... ...rve life and avoid death proves that the law of nature is more suited to cooperation than conflict. Using power to maintain power ensures the necessity of the continual use of force to quell those who a state’s power is used to oppress. As the Athenians looked to history to prove that â€Å"Nature always compels men to rule over anyone they can control,† it fails to recognize that nature also compels men to be free, and the violence of the oppressor will be pitted against the violence oppressed. Even if the more powerful state is successful in its conquest, it will always be at war with those whose liberty it infringes upon. The strength that a nation utilizes to allow them to conquer today will be the same strength that forces them to fight tomorrow, and the next day. For these reasons the arguments of the Athenian’s must be rejected for those of the Melian’s.

Macbeth Essay

â€Å"As the weird women promised: and I fear, Thou play’dst most foully for’t; yet it was said. It should not stand in thy posterity,/but that myself should be the root and father/Of many Kings.† -Banquo, Act 3, Scene 1 These lines are very important to the story of Macbeth, because it shows that Banquo is finally figuring out that Macbeth may have done something terrible to become king. The witches claimed Macbeth would first be Thane of Cawdor, then Thane of Glamis and finally King. He realizes that as soon as the â€Å"weird women† told Macbeth he would be King, Macbeth may have taken it too far and cheated the prophecies. â€Å"With bare-fac’d power sweep him from my sight/And bid my will avouch it, yet I must not,/For certain friends that are both his and mine,/Whose loves I may not drop, but wail his fall/Whom I myself struck down†¦Ã¢â‚¬  -Macbeth speaking to the Murderers, Act 3, Scene 1 This quote is significant because it shows how Macbeth can have a very dark and malicious disposition. He realizes that Banquo has caught on that he killed the King to fulfill the Witches’ prophecies. He thinks that if he doesn’t get Banquo killed, he will be the one getting killed. Macbeth also knows that if he kills Banquo himself, he will lose his position as King and all of the people who support him. â€Å"Avuant! And quit my sight! Let the earth/hide thee! Thy bones are marrowless, thy blood is cold;/Thou has no speculation in those eyes/Which thou glare with.† -Macbeth to Ghost of Banquo, Act 3, Scene 4 This is the part of the play when you can really tell that Macbeth is starting to go insane. He yells at the ghost of Banquo in front of all of his dinner guests, who don’t see Banquo. â€Å"And quit my sight!† shows that Macbeth is frightened by the sudden sight of his deceased companion. The cause of his hallucination could be because of a heavy weight of regret on his conscience. â€Å"And that well might advise him to a caution to hold what distance his wisdom can provide. Some holy angel,/Fly to the court of England†¦ Under a hand accurs’d!† -Lennox, Act 3, Scene 6

The Amazing World Of Laughter and its Super Healing Power

The most wonderful gift that I’ve ever known in my life and from this Book of The amazing world of laughter & its super healing power is the gift of laugh, one of the greatest blessings of the Lord. In my readings, this gift if so special, because it gives us all the opportunities to overcome our weaknesses. It’s like when we are so down and when we are being neglected, we must know how to conquer it. We should try laughing, time over time. I am sure that, when we laugh without reasons, even though we look like an addict, we will be amaze by our actions so please!Don’t care what the people say. Especially when we are in a self-pity mode, we must know ourselves to be better be aware of what is new and what is need to be learned, because the effort is for us to take initial steps. Granting ourselves with happiness is the greatest gift that we can give to ourselves, because even if we have many moneys but we are not happy all those treasures will be burn into ashes, so be practical. Be wise, turn-on yourself into a version 2. 0 or push yourself into the next level. Be vigilant, fight this deceases of being lonely.May this term paper be filled with so much laughter and a Remnant of humorous topics, I hope you enjoy and find it interesting. So be ready fuel up your engine, because you’re ready to face a new battle. Gear up with your shining armor as you fight this enemy, Learn how to cope the enemy of laughter which is the loneliness. Best of Laughter, Kim Jasty S. Yanong Exposition (Body of the Review) As I review the book of the amazing world of laughter and its super healing power, I was in so much joy and happiness that I was one of all the people in this world to know the true meaning of Laughter.It has so many benefits, so many. That when we laugh and laugh we can almost forgot our problems. I was enlightened by the paragraphs and sentences; it gives me so much perseverance. I conclude from this book that being happy and gay is one of the reasons why, is the humans are healthy. It is such a very wonderful book to read. It is so FUN! we readers can learn more, beyond our wildest dreams and imaginations. I can also compile new ideas, and can use it for a better understanding.This book teaches me how to bear pains and trials without complain, this is a pabular to my soul. It can lead me to a pacificatory life. May this book abound more readers to find pleasure and have a great knowledge, wisdom and more power. Reviewing this book is so accommodating, because, this is so acquiescent from what I had written in my insights. It also helps me to admire myself that I can do more, that I can accomplish my desired goals and the way and how to act like a futuristic person.Initializing this book, can make me a valuable person that I have a role why on earth I lived in this astonishing planet, because I have a purpose driven life. I solemnly believe that each person has a different talent that we can contribute, to each oth er and to our Heavenly Father. As what I have encountered I was boosted with so much blissfulness, and I can feel it in my nerves. The alignment of our muscles, that if you practice laughing 10 minutes a day, you can’t stress yourself.If I recite all the warm fuzzy happenings in my life that I can connect to this book, I can guarantee you that I am sure that many and a lot of situations of stories of my life that I can type in a thousand pages of paper. In order for me to achieve, what I am now that’s because the things that I have learned in my past and it make me smile. Just like the testimonies of truths about the amazing world of laughter and its super healing power, in this book, people who wrote their histories was being done with other people as well, showing that a person is entitled to credit or has a right to express their experiences.We can all manage our life, our belongings and our precious loved ones. It has a lot of emotions and so many meanings that the author was filled with so much joy, that’s why she wrote this book like this. She handled it with care, from making to loving it. As she go further to write more books, may our God bless her books and all the readers that will not just only read her books but will also put it into an action with so much pure dignity and resourcefulness. Pure passion is the beginning of all.Without passion you can’t assure that you can make a perfect book, with paragraph that full of meanings, letters and words that are justified in pure intentions. As I see, tender loving care comes from this book. It is all my opinion, so I like what I have done and express all I want to say about the Book and also about the Author. I have a secret to confess, I just don’t like it but I loved it so much. Someday, I want to write my own insights, based on what I will study, because I admire it and adore it. I really, really, really love it. That’s all, I thank you.

Effective Corporate Governance- Developing an Effective Board or Essay

Effective Corporate Governance- Developing an Effective Board or Governance Team Academic Book - Essay Example governance†, the readers need to know who the members of the board of directors are including how these people are different from the executive members of a corporation (Daily and Schwenk; Pound, p. 94). Basically, making the target audiences know who we are referring to as the members of the board of directors will make it easier for them to understand internal and external factors that contributes to effective corporate governance. (Kindly insert an organizational chart in this chapter) After discussing the members of the top management in Chapter II, this chapter will focus of discussing the role and responsibilities of each members of the board. As part of discussing the role and responsibilities of the board of directors and executives of a corporation, highlighting some possible case scenarios may help the readers have a better understanding of effective corporate governance. The book writer will discuss the role of executive and non-executive directors in terms of making the business objectives work for the best interests of the company. (Mallin, p. 125) For example: Since the best way for executive and non-executive directors to perform their duty effectively is to have an access to the company’s business information (Waldo, p. 5), the board of directors should not only carefully analyze the corporate financial report but also meet the team members regularly to discuss the proposed strategic plans and issues that will significantly affect the success of the business (Solomon, p. 103). This chapter will discuss the following: (1) importance of corporate leadership among the members of the top management; (2) importance of having a third party check for any signs of unusual business practices in the financial statement; (3) importance of establishing an organizational culture that give priority to teamwork as well as ethical, fair and legal

Societies under Shogun RuleThe Ming & Qing Essay

Societies under Shogun RuleThe Ming & Qing - Essay Example This period, which started in 1368 until 1644, is marked by the decline of the decadent feudal system and the emergence of the embryonic capitalism in China. However, Japan’s shogun period was part of the early feudal system that would dominate Japan for more than 700 years. (Morgan 2003, 42) As both Ming/Qing and the Shogun societies were established as feudal societies above all, therefore, they share many characteristics. For instance, both had governments and rulers who enforced control over a highly fragmented society. The shogunate in Japan imposed guidelines for the creation and preservation of a stable national structure. This was achieved by implementing a highly hierarchical society, wherein the primary morality is based upon public rapport between master and subordinate. (Ratti & Westbrook 1991, 62) Such perspective determined the shape and functionality of the major social organizations of the shogunate societies. To illustrate: one of the rules/norms in the Japanese society then was that there was no more despicable crime than that of rebellion against a master. Because of this hierarchical social structure, the shogun was able to elevate the social structure which sealed the subjects of the nation into classes according to a vertical order of pragmatic impo rtance drawing heavily upon the military character and strength of the warriors to whom all other subjects were subordinated. The social pyramid follows this structure with the shogun and his class at the top. From 1615 onward, laws specifically determining the legal positions of and functions of the imperial court and its aristocratic families (Kuge sho-hatto), of the military class (Buke Sho-hatto), of religious orders (Jin-hatto), of the farmers (Goson-hatto), of commoners in Edo and, by analogy, in every town (Edo-machiju-sadame) were issued by the military government of the Tokugawa shoguns.

Human resource - service industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Human resource - service industry - Essay Example The airline company, which has been chosen to structure this report, is the British Airways. It is one of the world's leading scheduled international passenger and cargo airlines catering to about 300 destinations across the world. ("Annual Report of British Airways", 2008). According to the International Air Transport Association the airline industry, lost up to $8 billion in the year 2008 which surpassed previously forecasted amount. The marketing environment is constantly changing and with every change the industry gets affected. The demand for airline industry is highly income elastic ("An analysis of British Airways Marketing Environment", 2008). Thus the rise in fuel price last year and the recent economic turmoil has affected the airlines industry in a huge way as passengers are avoiding more expensive travels. According to a report by Air Transport Association (ATA), the revenue generated from passenger travels for all airlines fell by 19% during the month of February, 2009 when compared to February 2008. The company saw a decline in 8.6 percent in premium traffic and 4.1 percent in non premium. ("Lucrative Business class air travel hit by crisis", 2009). Thus the situation within the company is not showing encouraging signs. In such operating e nvironment the company is applying reactive strategies by planning to cut down on employees. It has to be remembered that British Airways is formed by the collaboration of two state owned airlines. As a result the company previously lacked in any focused Human Resource Management policy. The significant changes took place when Lord King was appointed as the chairman of the company in the year 1981, and he was quick to identify the low employee moral that was present within the organization. The company's core values lies with the quality of customer service they provide which is attached to its brand. Given this operating environment in the industry, the company needs to incorporate concentrated human resource management policies into their revival strategy. This is because of the fact that, in the case of industries like this industry, where the most of the employees are coming in direct contact with the customers the level of employee motivation required is very high. The way in w hich the employees are being treated and compensated will reflect the effectiveness of value proposition being delivered to the customers. British Airways was formed by the merger of British European Airways and British Overseas Airways Corporation in the year 1974. (Lundy, Cowling, 1996). As both of the merging airlines were state owned the merger resulted in the overstaffing (more than 50 thousand) of the new enterprise and also there were evident management related issues within the organization. In the year 1980 the management style of the company was bureaucratic in nature containing many layers of hierarchical management. (Lundy, Cowling, 1996). At that time less importance were given in the qualitative aspects like employee relation, customer loyalty etc. Focuses were more given on the operational aspects but till then the company was incurring heavy losses. The significant

Major paper 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Major paper 1 - Essay Example I hope to gain more from the university and the American society in general. The essay examines my learning experience, not just in education, but also in other areas of culture. The paper, therefore, attempts to provide a comprehensive narrative of my experience as a Chinese student in America, forming a potential foundation for others in my position to adjust and gain maximum benefits from the American society. Before coming to America, I always had a dream to study abroad in the hope of pursuing high quality education. In addition, I hoped to experience other people’s cultures, while getting a global point of view of issues surrounding the modern society. My parents and peers encouraged the move, terming it as a path towards self-discovery and exploration of my career options. Given all these factors, my move to America was filled with high expectations, hopes to make friends immediately, and enjoying all the things that the new culture had to offer. Even though I was slightly nervous during my flight from Beijing, my excitement was more than any concerns. For this reason, I did not take possible challenges into consideration and as a result, I was not fully prepared for the American life. On arrival from China, I was welcomed quickly but warmly at the airport. It is here that I began observing the differences between China and America. For example, while back at home people take their time to show you around or at least give you directions to wherever you want to go, majority of Americans do not have the patience for that. I also came to realize that many people in America are highly suspicious of strangers and therefore, interact cautiously with them. I also noted that unlike in China, where taxi drivers keep to themselves, in America they tend to ask many questions. It was rather difficult to keep up with the basic conversation after arrival, since I only understood a few English words. In consideration of these observations, it would perhaps be